Odoardo Beccari, an influential Italian botanist, conducted extensive Malesian expeditions, collecting 16,000 specimens while publishing significantly on palms and iconic plant species, amidst conflicts with scientific institutions.

The Matang Massif, centered on Gunung Serapi, is rich in biodiversity. Odoardo Beccari and biologist Chien Lee documented its unique flora and fauna over decades, highlighting its ecological significance.

Malaysia boasts the highest palm diversity globally with 443 species, particularly in Sarawak, Pahang, and Sabah. Over 55% of evaluated species face threats, highlighting ongoing conservation challenges.